Simin Saberi, 24

生い立ちと家族
- シミンは1959年3月2日、ファールス州のドラット・アバドでバハイの家庭に生まれた。(Archives)
- 父親のホセインはイスラム教徒の出身であったが、個人的に探究してバハイを信仰していた。(Andalib magazine, “24 Fall 1366”)
- 母親のタヴォース・ポンプシアンはユダヤ系の出身だが、その父親と母親の両親は銘々に探究し、バハイ信教を受け入れていた。(Andalib magazine, “24 Fall 1366”)(BahaiLibrary.com) (CelebsAgeWiki)
- シミンの父親は母親と結婚したとき男やもめで、最初の結婚で2人の息子と4人の娘を持っていた。シミンは、新しい結婚から生まれた5人の子供の中で一番若かった。(Andalib magazine, “24 Fall 1366”)(BahaiLibrary.com) (CelebsAgeWiki)
- 幼少期、バハイ教を広めるため、一家はイランの各都市でパイオニアとして生活した。(Archives)
教育
- シラーズの高校を卒業。(Archives)
- 高校卒業後、タイプライターでの文字起こしを含め秘書のスキルを身につけた。(BahaiLibrary.com)
仕事とバハイ活動
- 習得した技術を買われ、ファールス州マルブダシュトの農業法人に就職。(Archives) (CelebsAgeWiki)
- イスラム革命後、バハイであることを理由に解雇される。 (Archives)
- シミンは親切で愛情深く、友人と一緒に「ダロール・マジャニン」(精神病院)を訪れて子どもたちに会い、少女たちの掃除や入浴を手伝った。(Andalib magazine, “24 Fall 1366”)
- シミンはまた、母親の仕立てを手伝った。(Andalib magazine, “24 Fall 1366”)(Wikipedia)
- 彼女はシラーズのバハイ教育委員会のメンバーで、バハイの信仰とその聖典についての生涯学習を担当し、顧問補佐のアシスタントのうち最年少だった。(Archives) (BahaiLibrary.com)
迫害
- 1978年12月16日の夜、シラーズとその周辺で多くのバハの家々が放火されたとき、真夜中、シミンが家族と住んでいた家の壁の近くに集まった数人が、家の中に石を投げ始めた。すべての窓が壊れ、電気も襲撃者によって止められた。靴も履かず服もろくに着ていない一家は家出を余儀なくされ、ついにはテヘランまで逃げ延びた。1ヵ月後、シラーズに戻った彼らは、家が没収されたことを知った(Andalib magazine, “24 Fall 1366”)。
- シミンは割れたガラスで怪我をしたが、始終明るく振る舞っていた。(BahaiLibrary.com)
逮捕
- シミンは1982年10月24日にシラーズの自宅で逮捕された。(Archives)
- その日の夕方、家に帰ると、革命防衛隊がすでに待ち構えていたため、逮捕された(IHRDC)
- 逮捕の日、何人かが家を襲い、本や写真を4つの袋に入れながらシミンを逮捕し、兄の車で刑務所に連れて行った(Andalib magazine, “24 Fall 1366”)
- 彼女は当初セパ拘置所に収容され、その後アディラバード刑務所に移送された(Archives)。
- シミンに対する罪状や起訴手続きは公表されていないようである。バハイ共同体の代表者によると、彼女が逮捕され裁判にかけられた主な理由は、彼女がバハイだったからだそうである。シミンは、バハイであること、バハイ共同体の活動の組織化に参加したこと、未婚であること、撤回を拒否したことなど、16の罪に問われた。(Wikipedia) (IHRDC)
獄中生活
- シミンは獄中でも明るく笑顔で、1.5m×2mの牢屋に他の2人とともに収容された。(Andalib magazine, “24 Fall 1366”)
- 尋問の間、彼女は常に非難に反論し、尋問者の誤った情報を正そうとした。投獄中も彼女は強く挫けずたくましく、悲しみに屈することなく、他の信者を慰め励ました(BahaiLibrary.com)
- 彼女とともに投獄されたバハイは、「シミンは輝きがあり、勇気があり、素早く考えることができた。彼女の全身はバハオラへの愛で満たされ、幸せで微笑ましい顔をしていた。獄中でも笑顔を絶やすことはなかった。彼女は絶対的な超越の象徴であり、精神的な道を真に愛する者であり、神の大業に奉仕したいという希望に燃えていた。” (BahaiLibrary.com)
- シミンと彼女の仲間の受刑者は、殉教の前にアブドル・バハの祈りを読み、殺害者の手と吊り縄に口づけをして、処刑に向かって嬉しそうに駆け出すことができるように、刑務所の中で練習した。(Andalib magazine, “24 Fall 1366”)
- シミンの母親は、獄中の彼女に最後に面会に行ったとき、シミンがこう言ったと語りました。 「お母さん、神の意志に満足してね。」と。そして、彼女は、 あなたは満ち足りて、満足しているか、と3度にわたり尋ねた、と。母親のタブーは、その言葉に頷いた。(Andalib magazine, “24 Fall 1366”)
- シミンはいつも、自分が神の意志に満足していることを家族に認めさせ、彼女との別れを和解させることができるように祈った(BahaiLibrary.com)。
処刑
- シミンは、共に殉教した女性たちの中で最も恐れを知らない一人と言われている。(BahaiLibrary.com)
- 1983年6月18日、シラーズのチョウガン広場で、他の9人のバハイ女性とともに絞首刑に処された。(Archives)
- 彼女は24歳で処刑された。(Andalib magazine, “24 Fall 1366”)
- 彼女の遺体は他の9人のバハイ女性とともに家族に戻されず、当局によってシラーズのバハイ墓地に埋葬された可能性がある。(Archives)
Early life and family
- Simin was born on 2 March 1959 in Dolat Abad, Fars into a Baha’i family (Archives)
- Her father, Hossein, was from a Muslim background but had adopted the Baha’i faith through personal investigation (Andalib magazine, “24 Fall 1366”)
- Her mother, Tavoos Pompusian, was from a Jewish background but her father, and her mother’s parents, had independently investigated and accepted the Baha’i Faith (Andalib magazine, “24 Fall 1366”) (BahaiLibrary.com) (CelebsAgeWiki)
- Simin’s father was a widower when he married her mother and had two sons and four daughters by his first marriage. Simin was the youngest of the five children born of the new union (Andalib magazine, “24 Fall 1366”) (BahaiLibrary.com) (CelebsAgeWiki)
- During her childhood, to promote the Baha’i Faith, her family lived as pioneers in various cities in Iran (Archives)
Education
- Simin graduated from high school in Shiraz (Archives)
- After completing high school she studied typewriting and acquired other secretarial skills (BahaiLibrary.com)
Work and Baha’i activities
- She was employed by an agricultural corporation in Marvdasht, Fars due to her acquired skills (Archives) (CelebsAgeWiki)
- After the Islamic Revolution she was dismissed from her job for being a Baha’i (Archives)
- Simin was a kind and loving person and with her friends she used to visit the “Darol Majanin” (mental hospital) to see the children and help cleaning and bathing the girls (Andalib magazine, “24 Fall 1366”)
- Simin also helped her mother with tailoring (Andalib magazine, “24 Fall 1366”) (Wikipedia)
- She had been a member of the Baha’i Education Committee in Shiráz, responsible for the continuing education of Baha’is about their Faith and its Writings, and she was the youngest assistant to a member of the Auxiliary Board (Archives) (BahaiLibrary.com)
Persecution
- On the night of Dec 16, 1978, when many houses of the Baha’is were set on fire in Shiraz and its surroundings, in the middle of the night, some people gathered near the wall of the house were Simin was living with her family and started throwing stones inside the house so that all the windows were broken and the electricity was cut off by the attackers. The family members were without shoes and proper clothes and were forced to run away from home and, ultimately, to Tehran. After a month, when they returned to Shiraz, they learned that their house had been confiscated (Andalib magazine, “24 Fall 1366”)
- Although Simin was injured by broken glass, she remained cheerful throughout the incident (BahaiLibrary.com)
Arrest
- Simin was arrested at her home in Shiraz on 24 October 1982 (Archives)
- She was arrested when she returned home that evening and found that the Revolutionary Guards were already waiting for her (IHRDC)
- On the day of arrest, some people attacked their house, put their books and photos in four sacks while arresting Simin and taking her to prison in her brother’s car (Andalib magazine, “24 Fall 1366”)
- She was initially held at the Sepah Detention Centre and was then transferred to Adilabad prison (Archives)
- The charges against Simin as well as the prosecution proceedings appear not to have been published. According to the representatives of the Baha’i community, the main reason for her arrest and trial was because she was a Baha’i. Simin faced sixteen charges, ranging from being Baha’i to her participation in organizing Baha’i community activities, to being unmarried and refusing to recant (Wikipedia) (IHRDC)
Imprisonment
- Simin was happy and smiling even in prison and she was held in a 1.5m by 2m prison cell with two other people (Andalib magazine, “24 Fall 1366”)
- During the interrogations, she would constantly try to refute the accusations and correct the misinformation of her interrogators. Throughout her imprisonment she remained strong and resilient, and did not yield to sorrow, but comforted and encouraged the other believers (BahaiLibrary.com)
- A Baha’i who was imprisoned with her has written, “Simin was radiant, courageous and swift-thinking. Her whole being was suffused with love of Baha’u’llah, and she had a happy and smiling face. Even in prison she did not stop smiling. She was a symbol of absolute detachment, a true lover of the spiritual path and aflame with a desire to serve the Cause of God.” (BahaiLibrary.com)
- Simin and her fellow inmates practiced in the prison to recite a prayer from Abdu’l-Bahá so they could read it before their martyrdom and kiss the hand of the murderer and the hanging rope and rush happily towards their execution (Andalib magazine, “24 Fall 1366”)
- Simin’s mother narrates that when she went to visit her in prison for the last time, Simin told her: “Mother, be content with God’s will.” And then she asked three times: Are you content and satisfied? Her mother, Tavoos, nodded in agreement (Andalib magazine, “24 Fall 1366”)
- Simin always pleaded with her family to recognize that she was content with the will of God and prayed that they would be able to reconcile themselves to separation from her (BahaiLibrary.com)
Execution
- Simin has been described as one of the most fearless of the group of women who were martyred together (BahaiLibrary.com)
- She was executed by hanging on 18 June 1983, in Chowgan Square in Shiraz, together with nine other Baha’i women (Archives)
- She was executed at the age of 24 (Andalib magazine, “24 Fall 1366”)
- Her body along with the other 9 Baha’i woman was not returned to her family; and was possibly buried in the Baha’i cemetery in Shiraz by the authorities (Archives)